Influence of Age on Alcohol Addiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Impact of Age on Alcohol Addiction - Essay Example Everything that happens to their individual life as they grew up is impacted by their age. Richard developed with small comprehension of his general surroundings. â€Å"I became quiet and saved as the idea of the world in which I lived turned out to be plain and evident; the grimness of things to come influenced my will to study.â Granny had just tossed out indications that it was the ideal opportunity for me to be on my own† (Wright 181). In any case, as he matured, awareness began to develop profound inside him, permitting him to make surprising acknowledgment of the truth of life and the one that he is attempting to follow. â€Å"I was in my fifteenth year; as far as tutoring I was a long ways behind the normal young people of the country, however I didn't know that.â In me was molding a longing for a sort of cognizance, a method of being that the lifestyle about me had said couldn't be, must not be, and whereupon the punishment of death had been placed.â Somewhere i n the dead of the southern night my life had exchanged onto an inappropriate track and, without my knowing it, the train of my heart was surging down a hazardously steep incline, heading for a crash, imprudent of the notice red lights that squinted about me, the alarms and the chimes and the shouts that filled the air† (Wright 187). The above focuses just show that Richard’s comprehension of his general surroundings accompanies age. His acknowledgment of the things around him is a portrayal of his genuine reaction to his reality which is plainly connected with his age as we could obviously observe the degree of his development in here. Therefore, we have made the point that our particular reaction to what's going on around may have potential effect on our genuine considerations or activities, however this obviously accompanies age similarly as the sort of suspected like this of Richard when he was at the correct age. â€Å"I longed for going north and composing books, novels.â The North represented to me all that I had not felt and seen; it had no connection whatever to what really existed.â Yet, by envisioning a spot where everything was conceivable, I kept expectation alive in me† (186). Thus, Caroline Knapp would have never acknowledged what a heavy drinker is the point at which she had never gotten one as she matured. As indicated by her, â€Å"Craziness, dull mysteries, alcoholic wraths, that is how you gotten a heavy drinker, isn't that so? It's encoded in your DNA, installed in your history, the result of some wild familial distortion. There was consistently a propensity of good flopping in the accounts I caught wind of drunkards: they were flimsy, unwell, flighty, and on the off chance that they were guardians, they tore through the lives of their youngsters like tornadoes, drinking and separating, shouting and seething (Knapp 28-29). The motivation behind why Caroline really characterizes this is on the grounds that she had su ch a great amount of understanding from her developing a very long time with liquor and she could really relate the genuine inclination engaged with such a propensity. Those things that impact her to swallow a mixed drink, which could be more than what is significantly required, are fundamental segments of her past developing years. Indeed, there means that she pre-taken in everything from her dad, however later was out and out when she previously remained at the correct age. My dad had an examining way, a systematic force tempered by a dubious separation, and at whatever point I detected him directs his concentration toward me, the inclination on my part was

Health Factor Determinants

Question: Talk about theHealth Factor Determinants. Answer: Presentation Native and Torres Strait Islanders are the indigenous networks that make up about 3.1% of Australias populace (Pink and Allbon, 2008). These two networks have various conventions and dialects. Notwithstanding the social and etymological contrasts, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander have numerous comparable encounters. As indicated by Ho, Mathew and Anda (2009) the impacts of colonization and numerous uncertain issues like land rights and poor financial improvements has influenced the wellbeing and prosperity of these networks contrarily. This article examinations in detail how social monetary elements like training, work and salary, lodging and wellbeing conduct and way of life impacts the wellbeing and prosperity of Australians indigenous networks. Instruction Instruction assumes a crucial job in deciding the wellbeing and prosperity of individuals. Instructive accomplishment influences a few calculates that turn impact wellbeing results (Altindag, Cannonier and Mocan, 2011). Through training individuals get the chance to comprehend their wellbeing needs, viably speak with wellbeing suppliers about medical problems and adhere to directions. As indicated by Minogue (2016) an examination led in year 2012-2013 show that solitary 59% of Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders matured between 20-24 years complete year 12 contrasted with 87% of their non indigenous partners. Instruction level of an individual decides the degree of education according to wellbeing the individual has. The way that the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders have lower training levels contrasted with the non-indigenous compatriots implies that they have lower limit of dynamic about wellbeing matters (Nair and Cienkowski, 2010). As per Nair and Cienkowski (2010) a wellbeing education and wellbeing result audit demonstrate that people with low wellbeing proficiency experienced poor information and comprehension of wellbeing related issues and couldn't decipher wellbeing messages and names precisely. The degree of training of an individual decides the sort of neighborhood the individual lives in. Still a people training level can be controlled by the local they live in. Research has discovered that zones with high populace of individuals with low degrees of training have not many assets like schools and wellbeing offices (Altindag, Cannonier and Mocan, 2011). Less instructive offices results to extending of the accessible ones accordingly bargaining the nature of training got. Instruction engages individuals by expanding their employability rate which thus builds pay levels. Because of the capacity to gain higher pay, instructed individuals would then be able to manage the cost of clinical consideration when contrasted with the less taught partners (Nair and Cienkowski, 2010). Getting to better human services administrations results to improved strength of the individual and the wards because of better pay brought about by more elevated level of training. What's more, training empowers individuals settle on choice in regards to their eating routine and nourishment. Eating Balanced eating regimen supplies the body with fundamental supplements for ideal body working in this manner advancing great wellbeing (Prez-Escamilla et al, 2008). Further, more significant level instructed individuals can distinguish wellbeing perils in their living condition. This causes them move in the direction of lightening the dangers right on time to maintain a strategic distance from the danger of medical issues related with the hazard. In this manner, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders are at a more serious danger of confronting numerous wellbeing challenges since they have lower level of instruction. The way that the education levels are low implies that lion's share of the Australias indigenous populace are ignorant of fundamental wellbeing administrations like the preventive consideration subsequently they experience visit malady flare-ups (Prez-Escamilla et al, 2008). Also, numerous individuals in the networks may not be very much educated about the significance of adjusted eating regimen and sound food, accordingly, turning out to be casualties of poor dietary decisions that chance a people general wellbeing. Work and Income Work is useful for wellbeing and adds to diminished expense on clinical consideration. Business offer individuals money related advantages in type of salary which contribute enormously to physical and mental prosperity of the individual (Biggs, et al, 2010). As per Zoeller (2008) the pace of joblessness among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders was multiple times higher contrasted with non-indigenous Australian people group while 19% of the indigenous individuals lived beneath destitution line contrasted with the 12% of non-indigenous individuals. Business empowers individuals to manage the cost of things like great nourishment, OK and safe lodging just as social insurance administrations which are significant for improved wellbeing and prosperity of a person. In any case, the way that the degrees of joblessness among the indigenous individuals of Australia are high and a considerable lot of them live underneath neediness line presents a problematic circumstance for the populace. As per Biggs, et al. (2010) joblessness results to worry as individuals battle to take care of, dress and take care of tabs for the families making poor jobless people inclined to ailments. What's more, absence of adequate pay implies that numerous individuals won't bear the cost of nutritious food hence unhealthiness will consistently gaze at them (Hoare and Machin, 2010). Utilization of poor lodging additionally implies poor sanitation hence representing an extraordinary hazard to people groups wellbeing. Indeed, even notwithstanding all these wellb eing hazard, the issue duplicates as joblessness makes it close to incomprehensible for this populace to manage the cost of social insurance administrations. Then again, utilized individuals have less clinical weights as they express less mental injury and can bear the cost of clinical protections that spread any wellbeing costs. Consequently business adds to improved wellbeing and prosperity by advancing psychological wellness through expanding confidence and self-esteem of the individual (Hoare and Machin, 2010). Joblessness then again causes individuals to feel futile, and useless and undesirable along these lines bringing down confidence and certainty, in this manner, influencing the emotional well-being of the influenced individual. Despite the fact that work is useful for a people wellbeing, underemployment can be as risky as joblessness. Ho, Mathew and Anda (2009) state that numerous Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders are underemployed as they hold lower employments in contrast with non-indigenous partners with comparable capabilities. As much as this class of individuals have pay and consequently can get to better administrations contrasted with jobless ones, they are probably going to experience the ill effects of states of mind like sorrow. This is occasioned by the inclination shamefulness and low confidence and segregation which have negative impacts to wellbeing and prosperity. Lodging Houses that are not very much kept up or those that are of low principles are an immediate or aberrant danger to the strength of the inhabitants. Lodging is a basic factor that has incredible effect on the wellbeing and prosperity of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (Keall, et al, 2012). As per Zoeller (2008) examine show that 27% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander live in stuffed houses. Congestion increment the danger of medical problems of inhabitants. Individuals living in stuffed houses are at a more serious danger of contracting respiratory disarranges, skin ailments and emotional well-being. Congestion builds weight on wellbeing comforts like water and sewage framework bringing down the degrees of sanitation consequently presenting occupants to the danger of waterborne infections (Rohe and Han, 2012). Notwithstanding jam-packed houses, the state of the house impacts the wellbeing and prosperity of the tenants. As indicated by Bailie, Stevens and McDonald (2014) 40% of indigenous individuals in Australia live in houses that are unacceptable as far as basic components. For example, living in houses that have significant splits opens the inhabitants to risks related with components of climate like breeze and downpour that influence the wellbeing. Houses that raise sogginess increment the danger of having a cold and mildew covered house that supports respiratory infections. The sort and state of a house decides the accessibility of wellbeing framework like clean water, squander removal and power flexibly. As indicated by Rohe and Han (2012) individuals living in low standard houses generally experience lack of clean water normally; along these lines result to utilizing water which might be defiled as the quality isn't confirmed. As indicated by Bailie, Stevens and McDonald (2014) most of settlements for indigenous networks don't have sorted out sewage frameworks and huge numbers of them utilize septic tanks that filter channels. This training opens the occupants to ecological pollution and in the long run ailment episodes as human waste removal is ineffectively overseen. What's more, removal of refuse is crucial for wellbeing and prosperity. Nonetheless, explore shows that a great many people who can't manage the cost of value lodging don't approach composed garbage removal administrations (Rohe and Han, 2012). In this way, prompting unsafe removal of r efuse in open fields in the area, presenting occupants to mishaps like cuts from sharp items and respiratory sicknesses because of foul smell of disintegrating matter. This condition additionally draws in bugs like rodents that go about as malady vectors. In this manner, lodging assumes a basic job in deciding people groups wellbeing. The sort of house a family lives in is controlled by their salary which thus decides the local they will live in and along these lines the sort of administrations and luxuries they can get to. HealthBehaviour and Lifestyle Way of life conduct, for example, dietary practices, physical activities, utilization of tobacco and liquor utilization extraordinarily influences the wellbeing status of individuals. As indicated by Koelen (2007), instruction level and pay impact people groups way of life and wellbeing. Joblessness is connected to poor way of life conduct like liquor abuse and smoking as individuals get worried up and wind up looking for comfort in drugs. Smoki

Essay Topics - How To Write An Essay Topic That Will Be Appreciated By Your Reader

Essay Topics - How To Write An Essay Topic That Will Be Appreciated By Your ReaderWhen writing an essay it is important to know about the trends of essay topics and how to write a great essay topic that will be appreciated by your reader. You may also want to ask the class if they can help you in finding the best essay topics that will show your high school student writing skills.Students will use this information when writing their essays because it will help them understand how others perceive them as a student's unique perspective. Other topics will focus on issues that students have taken on at their school, career choices, personal development, and personal history. Other topics may cover relationships with parents, teachers, and classmates. Other topics may also be about popular culture or the art of writing.Some people feel that essay topics are essential to build up your reputation for the future. Others feel that a great essay will create a lasting impression and showcase wh at you are capable of when presented correctly.If you are preparing to take your test to be able to write an essay that will be graded, then the best practice would be to know what kind of topics that you should be on top of. It is important that you are writing about subjects that your teachers and other professors want to see written about and that they want to have as many students write about. Other than your name, the topic you write about has the greatest impact on the way you are rated by your professors.You might want to start by trying to learn as much as you can about essay topics and write-up structure. One of the best ways to learn about these topics is to ask your teacher. You can find out by asking teachers from your class.Ask your teacher if you can meet with him or her so that you can discuss your topics with them and learn from their perspectives. Once you have learned about the guidelines for essay topics, you may want to take a good look at some samples. You may w ant to check online to see what sort of topics others have written about.Once you have some of the ideas of topics, then you may want to contact the college and see if you can talk to someone who can help you. The college may even allow you to have some extra help when you need it. All in all, your goal is to get the best of both worlds by getting feedback from a professor or you can gain knowledge of the topic from others through your friends.

The Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer Essay - 1990 Words

Geoffrey Chaucer was a famed late-14th century English poet and author. Born in London in 1343, Chaucer’s early life or education is not well known. Most of what is known about him stems from his professional work. He is most well-known for his works as an author and poet. Amongst scholars he is accredited the title of Father of English literature and is widely considered to be one of, if not outright, the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages. Chaucer would write many well-known works over the course of the latter half of his life, his most famous and critically acclaimed literary work being The Canterbury Tales. With Chaucer starting composition between 1386 and 1389, The Canterbury Tales was originally envisioned by him to be an anthology of four stories from each of the twenty-nine characters that are introduced in the General Prologue of the book. Unfortunately, either due to revising or his untimely death on October 25, 1400 at the age of 57, only 24 stories out of a proposed 120 were completed, leaving The Canterbury Tales far from completion. Nevertheless, its incomplete status did not stop the work from becoming highly popular. The Canterbury Tales’ story revolves around a narrator who joins a group twenty-nine people on a spring-time pilgrimage to Canterbury. Each character is described in detail of both their looks and personality by the narrator and at the request of the host of the inn the group stays at, each character tells an amusing story to spend timeShow MoreRelatedThe Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer1582 Words   |  7 Pages Geoffrey Chaucer wrote the Canterbury tales a collection of short tales in the 14th century. The compilation of stories are told by different characters within the narrative as part of a game proposed by the host. Each individual must tell two stories on their journey and two stories on their way back. Each story tells some aspects of English life during the time and often added satire like qualities to the English life. In particular Chaucer often tells stories with elements of the relationshipRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer913 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer consists of frame narratives were a group of pilgrims that are traveling from Southwark to the shire of St. Becker in the Canterbury Cathedral, tell each other to pass time until they arrive at their destination. During The Canterbury Tales the reader is exposed to many characters that represent all of the social classes of medieval England and the reader gets to know them from t he general prologue to each individual tale. One of these characters is the PardonerRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer2127 Words   |  9 PagesIt is unknown when Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, but it is assumed that he wrote it in 1387. There are many different aspects and themes throughout this paper that are very prominent. One theme that is very important is the importance of company. This entire tale is about twenty-nine pilgrims who all tell tales while on a pilgrimage to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The importance of company is that this is a pilgrimage that requires companions and friendship. ThoughRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1073 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer introduced and described a variety of fictional characters that lived in the Middle Ages. It was the time period that European civilians were governed by a system called feudalism. Where kings were the head of the s ystem and everyone was categorized in social classes. In the prologue of The Canterbury Tales the first character introduced was the knight. Geoffrey Chaucer depicts the knight correctly by characterizing him as a chivalrous and honorable man,Read MoreThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer1585 Words   |  7 Pageswas published toward the end of his life, Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales was his longest and most popular work. The plot is made up of tales told by thirty-one different pilgrims as they embark on a pilgrimage to the shrine of Saint Thomas a Becket in Canterbury. His initial idea was to have each pilgrim tell four stories a piece during the pilgrimage, but Chaucer either died before finishing or decided to change this idea, as only twenty-four tales presently make up the work. The prologue ofRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer963 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is a collection of 24 stories written during the Midd le Ages. The tales were written with the intent of criticizing the functions of societal standards as well as the beliefs of the Church. â€Å"The Miller’s Tale,† one the most popular stories, offers unique insights into the customs and practices of the English middle class during the Middle Ages. The story follows the lives of John, Absolon, and Nicholas, three men who are involved with a beautiful woman namedRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer2664 Words   |  11 PagesThe Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales was written by Geoffrey Chaucer in 1392, during the medieval period in Europe. Three important aspects, his family’s ties to the court, his schooling and working for royalty (XI), and his love for reading and learning (XII) all combined and enabled him to create his greatest work, The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer includes many different characters, pilgrims, all from very unique walks of life. Although there are not as many women included as men, their storiesRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer2648 Words   |  11 PagesThe Canterbury Tales was written by Geoffrey Chaucer in 1392, during the medieval period in Europe. Three important aspects, his family’s ties to the court, his schooling and working for royalty (XI), and his love for reading and learning (XII) all combined and enabled him to create his greatest work, The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer includes many different characters, pilgrims, all from very unique walks of life. Although there are not as many women included as men, their stories give some extraordinaryRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer2221 Words   |  9 Pagesin medieval literature is the Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer. This research seeks to examine the life of Chaucer, the Canterbury Tales, and the impact and legacy of both the author and the work. Agnes Copton gave birth to a baby boy c. 1340, whom she named Geoffrey. The baby took the surname of his father John Chaucer, who came from a family of wine merchants. The family relied on strategic relationships to subsidize where they lacked in wealth. Chaucer was fluent in French, ItalianRead MoreCanterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1380 Words   |  6 PagesCanterbury Tales Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer was a story of not the people themselves but a social statement of how the people of higher standing were viewed by the middle class. In the time that Canterbury Tales was written it was a time of corruption of the Church. There were many clergy members that were mentioned in this story. Each of the characters was unique in the way they went against the standards they should be held to. The most interesting this story was definitely The

The Song Glory, By Music Artists Common And John Legend

The song Glory was written by music artists Common and John Legend and was part of the Oscar nominated movie Selma. The movie Selma was an incredible experience that showcased the African American history and in particular the turbulent 1960s era in which Dr. Martin Luther King Jr(MLK) was leading the civil rights movement. The song Glory itself won the oscar for the best song in a motion picture and truly was an important part of the movie because not only did it chronicle the civil rights marches of 1965 led by MLK but it also incorporated events that occurred in the 21st century. It was this combination that made the song a true inspiration for all human beings because it shed a light on the struggle for racial equality that African Americans have been pursuing for over a century now and also showed that the struggle is still ongoing and is far from over. The song Glory through its lyrics included several key moments in the struggle for racial equality for African Americans such as the Rosa Parks incident, Ferguson, MLK civil rights marches and through all of these events the common theme of defiance and resistance is brought to light. The important theme of resistance that is shown by African Americans in the struggle for racial equality traces back to 1955 when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to the white man and was arrested for breaking the segregation laws(History). Rosa Parks did not fight the police officer that arrested her but instead peacefullyShow MoreRelatedThe Slavery Of The United States Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pagesusing music to spread awareness about issues that need attention. Public Enemy was a band formed in the late eighties that challenged the typical beliefs of society. Many of their songs, such as â€Å"Fight the Power,† spoke out against racial inequality in America, highlighting the issues with the government. Bands like Public Enemy set a foundation for future countercultural artists. Common is a modern rapper wh o supports the black community, expressing his opinions through music. He writes songs likeRead MoreMusic Is Necessary For Me1152 Words   |  5 Pageslisten to music everyday and I couldn’t imagine going a day without it. This is because listening to music is necessary for me. I listen to music when I am bored, walking to class, at a party, going through different emotions, or basically doing anything. If you turn on your tv anything you watch has background music, we even have music in elevators, which is proving the point that humans need music. Sue Devine writes in an article that â€Å"Whether we’re aware of it or not, sound and music is a primaryRead MoreThe Smashing Pumpkins : An Early Age Of The Most Influential Bands2072 Words   |  9 Pagesunknowingly the people in your environment help develop how partial you are to any genre. Growing up, my mom, and older sister listened to a variety of diverse progressive music. So majority of that exposure helped me a t an early age identify what kind of â€Å"tone colors† I preferred. It makes it easier to pick the type of music you enjoy the most. Alternative rock, Synth, Goth Rock, Metal, Pop just about anything with a beat is ok to listen too. I just observed that Alternative Rock, and Synth PopRead More Angels Essay5539 Words   |  23 Pagesmessengers and angels of the Lord, or as Cherubim, Seraphim, or Archangels, and not to be worshipped for they are creatures Col. 2:18; Rev. 19:10; 22:9. The meanings of angels, their appearance and purposes vary throughout history and the world. 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As such, beginning from that period and still going on in the current scenario, Indian novels have time and again impressed upon the reading public as well as fetching esteemed and honoured accolades both the country and overseas. Indian novelsRead MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pagesof getting quick replies and effective discussion—have opened up a new world of political processes. Ideas and phrases can now be given an effectiveness greater than the effectiveness of any personality and stronger than any sectional interest. The common design can be documented and sustained against perversion and betrayal. I t can be elaborated and developed steadily and widely without personal, local and sectional misunderstanding. What Mr. Wells says of political processes is equally true of commercialRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesshould be rendered by constantive and not by ascertaining (p. 25). Finally, actor to translate Greimas s concept of actant is misleading and actant is usually kept (see Ducrà ´t and Todorov, Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Sciences of Language, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979, p. 224), and discours image when translated as image discourse is not very clear, since it is referring to film, which is made up of images. The following rough spots occur only once each: Unusual (p. 5) translatesRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  PAGE NUMBER IN THE BOOK 605 608 619 625 629 652 662 667 677 685 694 708 712 718 727 733 740 746 CASE Ministry of Sound – rapid growth but a questionable future in the music industry. Pharmaceutical Industry – global forces at work in the ethical pharmaceutical industry. TUI – competitive forces in the travel industry. HiFi – how can small players survive changing markets? Amazon (B) – latest developments in a successful

Robots in Human Life

Questions: 1. What's going on? 2. What are the facts? 3. What are the issues? 4. Who is affected? 5. What are the ethical issues and their implications? 6. What could have been done about it? 7. What are the options? 8. Which option is the best and why? Answer: 1. Development of automated machines has eased human life. With our present pace, we are just a step away from super intelligent robots that will take decisions like people. In this article, the author expresses the fear that with the advent of more evolved robots in different sectors; the autonomous machines will replace human and take crucial decisions that will not be directly controlled by a human and will shape future of humanity (Asama et al., 2013). Author instigates us to think about the implication of such advancement which will confront the profound moral quandaries (Can We Trust Robots?, 2016). The sectors such as automatic driving, self-guided missiles, and war machines are investing extensively on robots, in an effort to reduce fatigue and casualties. 2. Machines have been with a human being for quite some time and have helped in easing the tasks and are cheaper compared to the human workforce. With the advent of the advanced electronics and programming capabilities, the machines are given intelligence to think and take decisions on their own. Hence they are given the capability of deciding the future. There are many other instances, showing the developments that are being done in the field of robotics. Autonomous robots capable of moving on its own are being sent to planet exploration (Autonomous Robots to revolutionise space exploration - E T Magazine, 2016), some of the robots are delivering parcels (Deliver robots will soon invade Austin, Texas, 2016). 3. The autonomous systems, robots, are capable of taking decisions without human interference. The advanced programming methodologies and processes implemented in AI (Artificial Intelligence) have allowed machines to work more efficiently compared to a person. But the autonomy to the robots in the fields like self-driving, performing surgery, making war decisions, etc. are very crucial, as minor mistakes can create a huge impact upon humanity (Asama et al., 2013). Since the machines dont have any accountability, they cant be held responsible for any mistake committed. Hence usages of such devices are the cause of concern for all. 4. Robots are of great importance as they are capable enough to do the works that are dangerous for human. Robots dont complain and are constant, precise and fatigue free. But the advantages of the robots have turned out to be the disadvantages as the automation of factory has led to higher unemployment and make people lazy. Autonomous robots are being developed for many applications like driving, fighting wars, etc. These machines are well equipped and are capable of taking independent decisions. Making robots autonomous is a difficult decision as any glitch would result in multiple loss of life; this has been witnessed in the case of autonomous cars developed by Tesla (Car on autopilot crashes in Beijing, 2016). 5. Loss of life due to autonomous robots is a serious matter. Hence, the major moral decision the developers face is, whether to support or oppose the development of autonomous machines. The autonomous robots can take decisions on their own depending upon the environment and the programming. So the outputs are based on the environment and the versatility of the codes that drive the system. Since there is no human interference in decision making, the results can't always be expected to be in the favor of human beings. Hence there had been accidents that prove the inefficiency of such decisions. Apart from the above, absence of liability and accountability makes autonomous machines a bad option to rely upon (Sparrow, 2015). The systems that are presently working in different places are all dependent human operators. Operators behave as brain and robots act as the brawn of the scheme. The various parameters of the process are decided by the operator and are executed by robots. Since the driver is responsible for all the actions taken by him, the decisions are well accounted for any mistake. The responsibility, liability and accountability are human features that can't be incorporated in machines, and they can't be held responsible for the same (Malle et al., 2015). Therefore, human dependent systems have been more stable as compared to autonomous systems. 6. The autonomous system had been developed many years ago, and a large amount of work had been done with machine learning. Artificial Intelligence has improved machine learning and can give devices the ability to think (Goodall, 2014). This is a great achievement for humanity, but the real life situations involving lives should be not be compromised as an experiment. In his report, Coeckelbergh (2016) stated that the loss of life is inevitable but advancement will eventually lessen them, but it should be understood that human life is much more important compared to mere machine advancement. So the viable options with all the aspects have been discussed in the following sections. 7. There are many sustainable solutions for this issue (Asama et al., 2013). They are: Making system more intelligent and autonomous Autonomy of machines should be entirely revoked Human-machine integration should be developed more, and critical decisions are taken with consultation with a human operator. Critical systems shouldnt be offered autonomy 8. Among the four options of total anonymity, total dependence, human machine co-operation and autonomy out of the critical system, the best available option is to remove autonomous robots from critical systems. The critical system could be understood as the processes which involve human life. Although human-machine interaction for critical decision seems acceptable, the fine line between human-machine interaction do fail, remains susceptible to erroneous selections which could exclude human touch in case of critical situations. Hence the systems like autonomous vehicles, surgery machines, and war machines should always be supervised, to check losses that an autonomous robot could incur (Bhuta et al., 2016). References Asama, H., Fukuda, T., Arai, T., Endo, I. (Eds.). (2013).Distributed autonomous robotic systems 2. Springer Science Business Media. Autonomous Robots to revolutionise space exploration - E T Magazine. (2016). Eandt.theiet.org. Retrieved 11 August 2016, from https://eandt.theiet.org/news/2016/jul/autonomous-robot-revolutionise-space-exploration.cfm Bhuta, N., Beck, S., Gei, R., Liu, H. Y., Kre, C. (Eds.). (2016).Autonomous Weapons Systems: Law, Ethics, Policy. Cambridge University Press. Can We Trust Robots?. (2016). IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News. Retrieved 11 August 2016, from https://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/artificial-intelligence/can-we-trust-robots Car on autopilot crashes in Beijing. (2016). ABC News. Retrieved 11 August 2016, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-10/tesla-car-on-autopilot-mode-crashes-in-beijing/7718294 Deliver robots will soon invade Austin, Texas. (2016). Mail Online. Retrieved 11 August 2016, from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3713050/Autonomous-delivery-robots-drop-pizza-laundry-door-set-invade-Austin.html Ellis, V., Loveless, A. (Eds.). (2013).ICT, pedagogy, and the curriculum: Subject to change. Routledge. Goodall, N. J. (2014). Machine ethics and automated vehicles. InRoad Vehicle Automation(pp. 93-102). Springer International Publishing. Lo, B. (2012).Resolving ethical dilemmas: a guide for clinicians. Lippincott Williams Wilkin Malle, B. F., Scheutz, M., Arnold, T., Voiklis, J., Cusimano, C. (2015, March). Sacrifice One For the Good of Many?: People Apply Different Moral Norms to Human and Robot Agents. InProceedings of the tenth annual ACM/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction(pp. 117-124). ACM. Simpson, C., Nevile, L., Burmeister, O. (2003). Doing Ethics: a universal technique in an accessibility context.Australasian Journal of Information Systems,10(2). Sparrow, R. (2015). Killer Robots: Ethical Issues in the Design of Unmanned Systems for Military Applications. InHandbook of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(pp. 2965-2983). Springer Netherlands.

Role Of Myth In Religion Essays - Anthropology Of Religion

Role Of Myth In Religion Anthropology 166 Role of Myth in Religion Industrial society has no body of shared beliefs, no common mythology. Its members hold onto a collection of disconnected beliefs and are vaguely familiar with fragments of many myths. The advantage that some new religions have in this situation is that they possess powerful connected mythologies that have ancient experiences. The mythologies of new religious movements are created out of numerous disconnected myths found in society generally. By weaving these unrelated myths into compatible wholes, new religions create a sense of continuity with society. Through the use of traditional myths, they are able to give themselves an apparent historical depth that legitimates their claims to be the carriers of a high culture. In common speech, to call a story a myth is to say that it is untrue. Once accepted, a myth can be used to glorify the past, explain the present, and hold out hope for the future. It gives individual and social life meaning and direction. This ability to guide action distinguishes myths from legends, folk tales, and other stories. In short, myths have the power to change lives and shape societies. The validity of individual myths is enhanced when they are incorporated into larger or related myths. In many societies, myths are officially sanctioned through public recognition. Thus in medieval Christian Europe many myths, such as those about King Arthur and the Holy Grail, were publicly recognized. In Hindu society, myths about Krishna and other deities are given sanction in all areas of life. Christian societies have traditionally given official recognition to Christian mythologies, Islamic societies to Islamic mythologies, Buddhist societies to Buddhist mythologies, pagan societies to pagan mythologies, and so on. In other words, the common religion in any given society typically provides its members with a powerful mythology that receives full recognition and social support. Religion Essays

A Look At Mein Kampf essays

A Look At Mein Kampf essays I. INTRODUCTION.......................................................... 4 V. CONCLUSION.............................................................11 Throughout written history there have been a select few that through works, circumstance, or a combination of both, will remain on the minds and hearts of people for centuries to come. Incredibly this honor is not reserved only for those who symbolize love, kindness, and everything we should strive to be. We also have a morbid fascination with those who represent everything in our nature that is dark and cold. The only parallel that can be drawn between the two, is the uncanny familiarity with and utilization of certain human emotions, like a farmer harvesting only a few seeds, leaving the rest of the crop stunted or withered. For example, Jesus Christ harvested only love and compassion, leaving hates and fear stunted. Others were driven only by fear and hate. One such person is the subject of this paper; the subject is Adolph Hitler. It is my belief that what a person is willing to share publicly is a restrained expression of the depth of their emotions on a subject. At leas t that is the case with politicians like Hitler. Hitlers book Mein Kampf offers incredible insight into his beliefs and aspirations. I would like to share what I have taken form she study of this book, from both what is read and what is inferred. Adloph Hitler was born in the small town of Braunau-on-the Inn in the country of Austria. His father was a civil servant, and his mother a housewife. It seems obvious from the title of the first chapter of Mein Kampf In The Home Of My Parents, that Hitler is trying to belittle the fact that his birthplace is not Germany. And seemingly for those who may frown upon this, in several chapters he attests that Austria is synonymous with Germany and should be seen as such. Hitler also speaks about his earily fascination with ecclesiastic...

Capital Budgeting Decisions

The purpose of the report is to help the GM (A Large Carpentering Firm) to take the investment decision. GM wants to replace one of its existing sawing machines with the new one. For this purpose, two alternate sawing machines are considered, machine A is fully automated while machine B operates on standard technology. The problem is to find out which machine will be best suitable for replacement through using capital budgeting techniques such as NPV, IRR and pay back period method. There is clear objective to evaluate proposed Machines (A and B) with the help of various techniques of capital budgeting techniques. Another purpose is to guide management of GM on selection of best alternative through applying practical as well as theoretical aspects of capital budgeting. In order to evaluate the Machine A and Machine B through using capital budgeting methods, following methods have been used. Pay back period method is one of the most used methods used for capital budgeting decisions. It measures the length of time required to recollect the expenses made on the project in first year. It helps to analyst to know whether to undertake the project or not. Longer pay back periods are not desirable for investment purpose as compare to project where cost of project is recovered in less time (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2011). This method does not consider time value of money and cash inflows are subject to any present value factor as in case of other methods. In case GM firm, Mr. David wants to evaluate two machines on pay back period basis. Calculations are as under: Pay Back Period of Machine A: 4 years + [(660,000-644,000)/ (1,094,000-644,000)] years   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 4 years +0.053 years   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 4.053 years Pay Back period of Machine B: 3 years + [(360000-304000/ (390000-304000)] years   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 3.65 years Net present value is the difference of present value of cash inflow and present value of cash outflows. This method is used in capital budgeting decisions and helps in evaluating the profitability of project or investment. This method considers time value of money, so, it is regarded as one of best method to evaluate the project for capital budgeting purpose (Pratt, 2010). Net Present Value of Machine A: Present value of cash inflows for Machine A – Present values of cash outflows for Machine A   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $ 718,132.88 - $ 660,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $ 58132.88 Net Present Value of Machine B: Present value of cash inflows for Machine B – Present values of cash outflows for Machine B   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $ 43483.24 Internal rate of return refers to an interest rate where all the present value of cash inflows and cash outflows become zero. This interest rate is the rate at which project will earn if that project is selected (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). This method of capital budgeting is used to analyze the attractiveness of the project. Project or investment is selected in case IRR is more than the firm required rate of return. Project or investment is rejected where IRR is less than the firm required rate of return. In the case of GM Company, the required rate of return is 13 %. On analyses if it has been found that IRR of Machine A or B is greater than that machine will be selected which has highest IRR (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). On the basis of above analysis, the key findings are as under:   $  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   58,132.88 Rankings of Machines as per the method On the basis of various factors and ranking procedure applied to choose either machine A and B, it is concluded that GM firm must invest in Machine B to receive the outflows in less time period with highest IRR. As regards to NPV, Machine A has to be selected but it is also true that both machines have positive NPV (Staubus, 2013). There are many other factors that firm must considered while taking the investment decisions. Every investment requires outflow of cash at the beginning keeping in mind that such investment will provide higher benefits in future years (Bull, 2007). Therefore, decision related to plant and machine must be evaluated using capital budgeting methods but it is also important to consider factors like technology used in machine, other cost related with machine and functional capacity of the machine. In case of GM firm, Mr. David should consider following factors: Brigham, E. F. and Ehrhardt, M. C. 2011. Financial Management: Theory and Practice. Mason: Cengage Learning. Bull, R. 2007. Financial Ratios: How to use financial ratios to maximize value and success for your businesses. Elsevier. Drake, P. P. and Fabozzi, F. J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. John Wiley & Sons. Fridson, M. S. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley & Sons. Menicucci, E. 2014. Fair Value Accounting: Key Issues Arising from the Financial Crisis. Springer. Mumba, C. 2013. Understanding Accounting and Finance: Theory and Practice. USA: Trafford Publishing. Pratt, J. 2010. Financial Accounting in an Economic Context. John Wiley & Sons. Staubus, G.J. 2013. The Decision Usefulness Theory of Accounting: A Limited History. Routledge.

The new age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The new age - Essay Example Like a number of ancient religions of the world, Scientology holds the view that people are placed on earth to establish their own salvation and they can only comprehend the relationship with God by realizing this. The appeal of scientology is in a person’s capacity to solve his own issues (Frost & Frost, 2012). When a person is able to solve his own problem, he is also capable of helping other individuals. It also allows a person to think for himself. Question 2 Both science and religion hold assertions to reality. Religion is made up of faith and belief. Religion claims events are factual because they want them to be, and they decline to alter their notions just because there are a number of infuriating information in the way. In contrast, science incorporates theory and evidence. Science asserts that things are factual because they concur with the proof and theory also gives it support. Additionally, if there is new evidence, the theory is modified, even if it requires givi ng up prior valued suggestions. In addition, every scientific theory is in principle refutable, and in the end every theory will be negated. In contrast, religion can in principle not be refuted. This does not play a part to its evidence. Moreover, religion cannot be proven (Frost & Frost, 2012). ... Moreover, globalization illustrates the connection between cultures of macro-social components. These components entail politics, economics, and religion. Also, globalization may universalize and wear down the features of a local grouping (Lewis, 2007). Significant factors in globalization include the advancement of the internet, telecommunications and transportation infrastructure. These factors generate additional interdependence of cultural and economic activities. Also, Atheism plays a part in globalization. Atheism refers to the refusal of belief in the being of divinity. It also implies that there is not a deity that exists. Atheists are less authoritarian, nationalistic, close-minded, prejudiced, ethnocentric, anti-Semitic, dogmatic, and racist (Frost & Frost, 2012). Therefore, they can sell their merchandise, goods, or services to all people and markets all over the world. Atheists are also pro-immigration and presume that any migration is beneficial migration because it is e ffortless to incorporate these individuals in the global culture. Question 4 Secularism refers to the rule of disconnection of government units, and the individuals authorized to represent the nation, from religious dignitaries and religious institutions. Secularism may highlight the claim to liberty from religious teachings and rule, and the liberty to freedom from governmental obligation of religion to the individuals in a state that is nonaligned on issues of belief. Secularism may also illustrate the notion that human beings decisions and activities, mostly political, must not be biased by religious authority. It is better that states embrace secularism than religion (Frost & Frost, 2012). This is because secular state will incorporate the views of the entire

What does it mean to be a human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

What does it mean to be a human - Essay Example Religious elites have on the other hand come up with contradictory argument on the origin, traits as well as development of human species (Lee 3). However, despite the existence of various conflicting ideas and views about the concept human, scholars have come into a consensus on some of the main traits of human. There are some scholars who hold the perception that, the current definition of basic concepts human lacks some very essential transformation that are brought about by emerging technological development(Martin Luther King 23). In addition, modern researchers and critical thinkers have as well condemned the current information on human as being shallow and inconsistent. This therefore means that the knowledge on human is a very essential aspect in describing human growth and development. Most of the accessible information regarding human cannot stand the test of time. However, despite being inadequate, there is sufficient information to describe the concept human. The subsequ ent essay will therefore describe the meaning of human. What Makes Us Human? At its basic description, being human is being born with physical appearance and traits that defines their interaction with others. By referring to this definition, being human is the act one being born into the continuous community of human being. Despite having, the characters that are used to define human being, researchers and other social thinkers have as well come up with other traits that can be used to describe human. For a starter, human must understand moral principle and standards of happiness and wisdom. Every peaceful society is defined and identified by specific moral and principles. Therefore, to be categorised as human, one must demonstrate the understanding and effective utilisation of the existing moral and ethical issues. Secondly, social life is a very essential aspect that defines the concept human. In this case, social life is used to describe one interaction with other members of the society. Modes of communication, social role and responsibilities, social expectations, social roles and regulations as well as social beliefs are some of the core aspects that describe one social life. Other social aspects that are used to describe human social life entails eating pattern and habit, means of taking care of infant and new borne, means of building social networks with community members and members of other societies and acceptable means of interacting with the environment(Lee 7). Thirdly, language is a very essential factor that define peaceful community. Language is described as the main means of enhancing communication in the society. Therefore, for an individual to qualify to be human he or she ought to understand some of the basic signs and symbols that enhance effective communication in a society. On the other hand, researchers have claimed that, communication signs and symbols play a very essential role in determining the manner in which human being live and op erate in the society. Language and other communication and interaction symbols as well offer new ways and means of coping with the unpredictable changes in the environment. In addition, human is defined by one’s human capacity to peaceful community and happiness. Compared to other creatures in the universe, human being is presumed to have the highest level of brain capacity to interact and communicate with others. The memory capacity of an effective and complete human is as well expected to be high and functional. Based on the accessible scientific researches and theories, as human being encounter new social, economic, cultural, and

Smokers Beware :: Smoking Health Tobacco Essays

Smokers Beware Paul Benko puts on his shirt and tie and begins the 15-minute walk to work. He is going to a job that has become a little bit more enjoyable since May 5, 2003. Benko, a non-smoker, has been happier at work as the manager of Our House East, a small bar on the Northeastern Campus in Boston, given that this bar no longer can allow smoking inside. â€Å"It used to get really smoky inside and was hard to breathe sometimes because it was so busy and everyone was smoking,† Benko said. â€Å"I would have to dry-clean my work clothes every week because all my nice shirts reeked of smoke.† The lack of a specified smoking section also caused this small campus bar to become extremely filled with smoke. â€Å"People used to walk around smoking, talking, and drinking,† Benko said. â€Å"It was gross and people used to burn each other all the time.† According to an Environmental Protection Agency study, nearly 3,000 people die each year from second-hand smoke. Much exposure to second-hand smoke is caused by having a spouse or co-workers who smoke or working in a place where anyone can smoke. The ban was instated to protect those non-smoker lungs and the lungs of children. â€Å"It was decided that people should not have to decide between their health and their jobs,† said Gifford Miller, New York City Council Speaker, when he announced New York City was going smoke free. A study done by the World Health Organization showed workplace exposure to second-hand smoke gave a 17 percent increased chance in developing lung cancer. While this number was not considered statistically significant it is still an unnecessary increase. Each year Massachusetts spends $4.8 million on tobacco prevention, control, and awareness programs, according to the American Lung Association. Besides the smoking ban, the biggest fight against smoking has been the tax rate. Massachusetts state law requires a tax of $1.51 per pack of cigarettes; one of the highest in the United States. Massachusetts is not the first place to fight for smoke-free air. Norway was first place in the world to ban smoking in all public places and Britain is in the process of creating a similar law. In the U.S., California and Delaware already have statewide bans of smoking in all indoor workplaces. Maine bans smoking in restaurants and many other states such as Montana, Arizona, and West Virginia are seeing individual cities and towns go smoke-free.

Pakistan and India over Kashmir Essay

Conflicts between Pakistan and India over Kashmir as well as China over Tibet have been around for decades. Although these conflicts are religion based, this is no longer the case since they currently fight over land control (Stokes, 2010). Whereas India and Pakistan is ever fighting to be in control of Kashmir, this case is the same when it comes to China’s conflict for Tibet. Although Tibet is part of China, it considers itself a nation since it has always been bound by religion, culture as well as linguistics and genetic ties (Stokes, 2010). The study aims to address the religion conflicts existing between China over Tibet as well as India and Pakistan over Kashmir. Pakistan and India over Kashmir According to Hajni (2008), Pakistan was founded after the end of the British rule when the Indian Muslims developed the desire to own an Islamic state. Indian Muslims were the Minority religion and this made them feel insecure. Since they were the minority religion, the Indian Muslims were afraid of losing political representation in addition to maintaining their freedom as well as cultural norms. According to Hajni (2008), regarding the criteria for deciding which of the two dominions a state should join; he quotes Lord Mountbatten who said, â€Å"†¦geographic situation and communal interests and so forth will be factors to be considered†¦Ã¢â‚¬  At the time of partitioning, Jammu and Kashmir was predominantly Muslim. However, Hindu Maharaja Hari Singh who supported the annexation of Kashmir by India ruled the state. According to James and Ozdamar (2005), when the British divided the two states, Kashmir was given the option of joining either one. However, through Maharajah Singh, the current leader of that time, Kashmir opted to become independent. Pakistan and India were not happy with this decision since they started forcing Kashmir to join them. It is due to these debates that later resulted to the outbreak of conflicts between India and Pakistan over Kashmir. Pakistani Muslims initiated insurgent type operations to undermine an annexation by India, which further compelled the Hindu leader to align with India to secure military support to counter the Muslims. According to Hajni (2008), India started by laying claim on Kashmir due to the instrument of accession that was signed by Maharaja in 1947. It is because of this move that prompted Pakistan to follow suit. Just like India, Pakistan also laid claimed to own Kashmir since most of its population were Muslims. This gradually escalated into disputes over Jammu and Kashmir, which is still rife to date. The disputes were quite severe since they escalated into wars in a move to acquire the disputed state. Although religion was the main source of conflict between the three nations, it was primarily triggered by the urge for territorial control. China over Tibet Apart from India and Pakistan, another famous religion conflict is that of China and Tibet. Tibet has been practicing Buddhism for decades to the extent that it currently defines the Tibetan’s way of life (Sperling, 2004). It was because of these cultures that the Tibetans declined to submit themselves to the Chinese rule. China has always strived to control Tibet but the Tibetans have always opposed this attempt. Since 1951, the republic of China through the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has tried to acquire Tibet by attempting to destroy their national as well as cultural identities (Macalester College, 2007). For instance, the nation tried to acquire Tibet by attempting to lure Tibet’s religious elite into voluntarily agreeing to embrace socialism. According to the Tibetans, this has always been referred to as cultural genocide (Stokes, 2010). Although China had assured Tibet that their Buddhism religion and culture would not be affected by the inauguration, Tibet was not confortable fusing with the Chinese Buddhist Association (CBA). According to the Tibetans, fusing with the CBA posed a threat for the Tibetan’s religion as well as culture. According to Sperling (2004), China is ever attempting to forcefully acquire Tibet. The reason why China is ever wishing to acquire Tibet is that it believes Tibet is located within China’s territory. Since almost all Tibetans practice Buddhism while the Han Chinese does not, the republic of China is ever attempting to ruin this religious culture in a move to ease the acquisition process. However, Tibetans always fight back in order to prevent China from ruining their culture and religion. Through Dalai Lama, Tibet was stable to the extent that even after numerous conflicts, China has never succeeded in acquiring it. It was through Dalai Lama that Tibet was able to fuse religion with politics. By intertwining Politics and religion, Tibet was able to create a solid foundation that made it difficult for the republic of china to acquire (Sperling, 2004). This technique was quite beneficial to the Tibetans since it motivated them into pursuing independence and self-autonomy. To date, the conflict between Tibet and China still exists despite numerous diplomatic interventions. Although Dalai Lama was quite influential in Tibet, he fled to India when he currently resides. Analysis In order to form the foundation of their adherent’s lives, both the Hindu and Buddhist religions ensured that they encouraged one another to fully embrace their religion. For instance, through this motivation, all Tibetans embraced Buddhism. Whereas the conflict between India and Pakistan resulted from the inability of the two nations to align Hindus with India and Muslims with Pakistan, the case was almost similar to that of China and Tibet. The conflict between china and Tibet began because China did not want Tibetans to practice their cultures and religions in a territory they claim was theirs. Additionally, the conflict was also triggered by the fact that Dalai Lama had planned to make Tibet an independent nation (Macalester College, 2007). Conclusion For a long time, India and Pakistan have been engrossed in conflicts. Although these conflicts started on grounds of religion differences, they rapidly escalated to territorial conflicts whereby both nations began fighting over Kashmir, a region located between India and Pakistan. Apart from India and Pakistan, China and Tibet have also been engrossed in conflicts, which have lasted for decades. Just like that of India and Pakistan, this conflict also revolved around religion but gradually grew into territorial conflict. China was not comfortable with Tibet’s Buddhism religion, hence, attempted all measures to disrupt it but Tibet was not ready to allow this to happen. Dalai Lama, a prominent leader in Tibet, was planning to declare Tibet an Independent nation. This idea was never taken lightly by China and it is because of this that the conflict intensified, thus, Dalai Lama was forced to run to seek refuge in India where he resides to date. References Hajni, M. (2008). The Kashmir Conflict: A Kashmiri Perspective. Retrieved on 12 October 2014 from www.operationspaix.net/DATA/DOCUMENT/5413~v~The_Kashmir_Conflict___A_Kashmiri_Perspective.pdf James, C. & Ozdamar, O. (2005). Religion as a Factor in Ethnic Conflict: Kashmir and Indian Foreign Policy. Terrorism and Political Violence, 17:447-467. Retrieved on 12 November 2014 from http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCcQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fozgur.bilkent.edu.tr%2Fdownload%2F05Religion%2520as%2520a%2520Factor%2520in%2520Ethnic%2520Conflict%2520Kashmir.pdf&ei=7u1jVNrQFIbWasKGgcgK&usg=AFQjCNFvomYpl_QzYphrOggL6s3Ms5ZCZg&sig2=ZM9lKPLKG5LZde_OAlB7vA&bvm=bv.79189006,d.d2s Macalester College. (2007). History of Tibet-China Conflict. Retrieved on 12 November 2014 from https://sites.google.com/a/macalester.edu/refugees/tibetan/history-of-tibet-china-conflict Sperling, E. (2004). The Tibet-China Conflict: History and Polemics. Retrieved on 12 November 2014 from www.eastwestcenter.org/sites/default/files/private/PS007.pdf Stokes, D. (2010). Conflict over Tibet: Core Causes and Possible Solutions. Retrieved on 12 November 2014 from http://www.beyondintractability.org/casestudy/stokes-tibet Source document

African Americans and Cotton Fields - 1233 Words

When we think about slavery we perceive it to be African Americans working on a cotton field, but where did that perception come from and where did slavery begin in North America? Slavery has been one of the longest standing legal systems used throughout history. History shows that the first settlers in North America, both the Vikings and Native Americans, were the first cultures to practice slavery in the area. Slavery continued through early modern history, aiding in the discovery of North America by the Spaniards and British. Slavery was a fundamental asset in developing the new world economically and was seen as a key element in the expansion of America. Slavery maintained its economic importance until the 19th Century when it was abolished with the Emancipation Proclamation. Throughout history, slavery has been one of the longest standing legal systems in North America. Before the 1st century during Ancient Times, many Native American tribes practiced some form of slavery. This tribal slavery was dated before the European introduction of African American slaves and continued through the 19th century. Native Americans often enslaved captives from tribal feuds, or casualties from tribal wars. Captives were used for little labor, but were rather maintained for future exchange with other tribes as peace offerings or for redeeming their own tribal members from captors. Often captives were also held as slaves to redeem payment of a debt owed from other tribes. VariousShow MoreRelatedIntro to Nat Turner838 Words   |  4 Pagesof the cotton boom. The cotton growing was concentrated on plantations rather than the small farms. Around 75% of slaves lived in groups of around 10 or more slaves, which made changes in the African American slave communities and cultur e (lecture). With the slave communities developing, they were very unstable. Around 1 million slaves migrated from the upper to lower south, which split the communities and families apart. Since the slave communities were growing, Southern African American communitiesRead MoreSlavery Of The United States1528 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery in the United States The use of African American slaves began in the Mid-17th century. According to the U.S. Census of 1790, the United States had a population of 3.8 million people; from which 700,000 of them were slaves, that is 18 percent of the entire population. The state of Virginia had the largest population of slaves. Virginia alone had 300,000 slaves. In South Carolina, 43 percent of the entire population was slaves ( Zambelli). It all makes sense because in the year of 1790, theRead MoreHow Did African American Slavery Help Shape America?925 Words   |  4 PagesHow did African American slavery help shape America? The United States of America has historical events that underlie the primary example of a country which overcomes every adversity with courage and commitment. Several pieces of history can obviously emphasize the strength of those who inhabited this nation and shaped it into what it is today; one of which is the era of slavery. Slavery is a topic that is often rejected during the mentioning of historical events in America primarily due to the factRead MoreNo Dignity Was Present By Their Masters1639 Words   |  7 Pages and be assigned to their duties for the day. Most of the times was picking cotton from the cotton field, hauling hay and heavy farming items, picking crops from the field, and building machinery for the plantation. With these tasks came many physical and mental demands. For example, when a slave would pick cotton from the cotton field, there would be thorns on the cotton plant. The slaves would have to pick that cotton all day and dig around the thorns. At the end of the day, their hands would beRead MoreThe History of African Americans: Slavery Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pageshistory of African-Americans has been a paradox of incredible triumph in the face of tremendous human tragedy. African-American persons were shown much discrimination and were treated as second class citizens in the colonies during the development of the nation. The first set men, women, and children to work in the colonies were indentured servants, meaning they were only required to work for a set amount of years before they received their freedom. Then, in 1619 the first black Africans came toRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Labor Essay1410 Words   |  6 Pagescomparisons between free labor and slave labor in the south slave plantations were valued with low expectations considering the varying climate conditions, the nature of the crops and many other reasons. Why not Native Americans or the white indentured servants. The Native Americans caught many diseases from the Europeans. Those who survived usually ran away from captivity. The white indentured servants were under contract not to be held against their will. For the first half of the 1600’s the slaveRead MoreEssay on Slavery1136 Words   |  5 Pagestheir condition and worked unwillingly. Slavery was introduced among the early indentured servants were people who did not come to America willingly. The first Africans arrived in Virginia in 1619. For the next thirty years or so, Africans were generally treated like indentured servants from Europe. By 1651 there were about 300 Africans in Virginia’s population of 15000. By 1640 some black servants were forced to serve their indentures for life. Slaveholders were given increasing control as theRead MoreIndentured Servants And African Slaves881 Words   |  4 Pagesprior knowledge of these important topics were forgotten. The question I always asked myself what was the difference between indentured servants and African slaves? Through my personal studying on the subject matter, I have discovered new information that clarified all my misconceptions about historical topics like, indentured servants from Europe, African slavery, and finding the similarities and differences of these two types of labor. During the 1600s Europe was absorbed in the Thirty Year’s WarRead MoreEssay Slavery in the American South616 Words   |  3 PagesSlavery is a form of forced free labor in which one human being is the property of another. Close to two million slaves were brought to the American South from African and the West Indies during the Atlantic slave trade. The American South accounted for over 20% African Americans. As late as 1900, 9 out of every 10 African Americans lived in the South. Slavery supported the economic structure for the planter aristocracy. In 1850 only 1,773 families owned more than 100 slaves each, and this groupRead MoreThe Great Migration Through Different Mediums And Times Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesDifferent Mediums and Times For African-Americans, the Great Migration of the early nineteen hundreds not only changed their demographic distribution in the United States, but also their culture and identity. When many poor field hands left the South, the culture they brought with them clashed with their new Northern neighbors. Since then, artists have depicted this inner and outer struggle through a variety of mediums while reflecting the attitudes of African Americans of their time. August Wilson